If you’re new to Medellín or considering moving to this vibrant Colombian city, it’s crucial to be aware of a growing problem that could put your safety and finances at risk: illegal urbanization on the city’s hillsides.
Medellín, known as the “City of Eternal Spring,” has experienced rapid growth in recent years, attracting thousands of new residents seeking opportunities. However, this rapid expansion has brought significant challenges, especially in the housing sector. With over 200,000 families lacking access to decent housing, according to official data, many newcomers are tempted by offers of seemingly affordable land in the city’s higher elevations.
However, these offers, which may appear attractive at first glance, hide dangers that could cost you much more than money.
Geological and environmental risks
Local authorities have identified at least 65 critical points of irregular settlements on Medellín’s hillsides. These areas, once green zones, are now plagued with makeshift constructions. What many buyers don’t realize is that these zones are not suitable for urban development according to the city’s Land Use Plan.
The Department of Disaster Risk Management (DAGRD) and Medellín’s Environmental Secretary have warned about the serious risks these constructions face:
- High risk of mass movements (landslides)
- Danger of flooding
- Threat of flash floods
These risks are not theoretical. In the past, Medellín has suffered tragedies due to landslides in areas of irregular occupation, resulting in loss of life and destruction of homes.
Presence of criminal gangs
Beyond natural dangers, illegal urbanization in Medellín is closely linked to criminal activity. Authorities have identified at least 31 criminal structures profiting from illegal land parceling on the city’s hillsides.
These gangs appropriate public or private land and then “sell” it to people in need, presenting themselves as a solution to the housing crisis. However, this apparent help hides a dangerous trap:
- Buyers don’t receive legitimate property titles.
- Many lots are sold without basic services like water or electricity.
- Prices, although they may seem low (from about $75 to $1,250), don’t guarantee safety or stability.
- Gangs often offer payment plans, but default can result in forced displacement and total loss of investment.
Legal and social consequences
Acquiring land under these conditions not only puts your physical safety at risk but also your legal and social stability:
- Authorities conduct operations to remove illegal constructions. In recent years, 716 removals have been carried out, recovering 18,000 square meters of invaded land.
- Although the law sometimes makes it difficult to evict already built homes, living in these areas means constant legal uncertainty.
- The lack of basic services and the presence of criminal groups severely affect quality of life.
How to protect yourself
If you’re new to Medellín and looking for a place to live:
- Research thoroughly. Consult local laws to verify if the area is suitable for housing.
- Verify the legality of any land or housing offer. Demand to see official documents and property titles.
- Be wary of offers that seem too good to be true, especially in hillside areas.
- Consider housing options in consolidated areas of the city, even if they initially seem more expensive.
- Seek legal advice before making any purchase or housing agreement.
Medellín is a city full of opportunities and beauty, but as a new resident, it’s essential to be informed and make conscious decisions about where and how to live. Long-term safety and well-being should always be your priority. Local authorities and community organizations can offer additional guidance to find safe and legal housing options in this beautiful city.
Remember, while the cost of living in Medellín might be lower compared to many U.S. cities, cutting corners on housing can lead to serious risks. It’s always better to invest in a safe, legal residence than to gamble with illegal settlements. If you’re having trouble finding affordable housing, consider reaching out to expat communities or reputable real estate agencies that specialize in helping foreigners navigate the local housing market safely and legally.